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BRL Abstracts Database |
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Your search for ultrasound produced 3296 results. Page 54 out of 330
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound with reference to possible toxic effects on the fetus. |
| Author |
Taylor KJW, Dyson M. |
| Journal |
Arch Dis Child |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1972 |
| Abstract |
Ultrasound is widely used for diagnosis in obstetrics using the short-pulse echo technique (sonar). This may be used at a very early stage of gestation. Fetuses may also be irradiated with Doppler machines,either to detect fetal circulation or to monitor the fetal heart during labour.
With increased dosage,ultrasound can produce damage in many ways by non thermal, non cavitational mechanisms. One dramatic effect of a simulated Doppler regimen is complete red cells stasis. Using longer pulses than in sonal regimen, severe damage may be shown to blood vessels, lysosomes, and to the cell membrane. At present, no thresholds can be established for these effects. With current diagnostic techniques, local intensities may be greatly increased by technical malfunction, focusing effects from the bony pelvic concavity, reflection by air in the intestine, and standing wave formation. The neonatal paediatrician is in a unique position to observe the results of antenatal irradiation.
Experiments are in progress on the effects of irradiation with stimulated sonar and Doppler machines on chick embryonic development. This should yield information about the effects of ultrasonically-induced streaming during differentiation of the embryo. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound--a review. |
| Author |
Fry FJ. |
| Journal |
Proc IEEE |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1979 |
| Abstract |
The history of ultrasound related to bioeffects studies begins in the 1920's and continues to the present. Because of the type of effects exhibited between high-frequency mechanical waves and biological systems, there emerged a low-intensity medical therapeutic regime using ultrasound in the 1930's. In the late 1940's and early 1950's, research began on the use of ultrasound in the pulse-echo mode to visualize soft tissues of the human body. The interaction of ultrasound and tissue in this mode underlies the present expanding capability of its medical diagnostic use. During the same time period, the use of intense, sometimes highly focused ultrasound was explored for its interactive effects on tissue. Out of these bioeffects studies emerge possibilities for therapy and some preliminary clinical trials have been conducted. Bioeffects studies involve assessment of thermal, cavitational, and other mechanical entities in their contribution to the interaction with ultrasound. Considerable progress has been made so that in some modes, it is possible to predict the magnitude of a given effect by computational means. In other modes the reliably predictable effects have not yet become tractable by computational means alone. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound. |
| Author |
Carstensen EL, Miller MW, Linke CA. |
| Journal |
J Biol Phys |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1974 |
| Abstract |
When ultrasound is absorbed by tissue, heat is produced which may be destructive or, if controlled, can be therapeutic. In addition, ultrasound produces biological effects which cannot be explained on the basis of heating alone. Under certain exposure conditions production of ultrasonic lesions in brain tissue can be explained on a purely thermal basis. Examples of nonthermal effects of ultrasound include changes in growth, mitotic index and the production of chromosomal aberrations in plant roots. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound. |
| Author |
Hughes DE. |
| Journal |
Sci J |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1965 |
| Abstract |
Ultrasound has a number of important applications in surgery which depend mainly on its ability to break up organic tissue. It now seems that ultrasound may also be capable of inducing genetic mutations in living organisms. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound. |
| Author |
Dunn F. |
| Journal |
Proc JSUM |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1987 |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound. |
| Author |
O'Brien WD Jr.(Fullerton GD, Zagzebski JA eds.) Med Phys Monograph No.6 |
| Journal |
Book Chapter |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1980 |
| Abstract |
The use of diagnostic ultrasound in the clinical practice of medicine is generally recognized as not representing any hazard. Whereas agents such as drugs are generally not considered safe until proven so, radiation, such as ultrasound, is generally considered safe until proven otherwise. The studies necessary to assess the risk associated with human exposure to ultrasound have not been done. It is, however, important to recognize that ultrasound at sufficient energy levels is capable of totally destroying biological tissues. Thus the question of risk becomes (1) what biological systems are most sensitive to ultrasound and (2) what exposure levels impose a significant risk on those systems? The recent ultrasonic biological effect data has demonstrated a trend to lower exposure levels as the biological endpoint has become more sensitive. This review will examine the risk from ultrasound by discussing the extent to which it is used in clinical practice, presenting specific biological effects for which the cause may not be known, detailing those mechanism which are known to produce biological effects, introducing some thought relative to ultrasonic dosimetry and summarizing by briefly examining the situation of cumulative and synergistic effects. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound. |
| Author |
Carstensen EL. |
| Journal |
Book Chapter |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
Unknown |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound. |
| Author |
Nyborg WL. |
| Journal |
Ultrasound Med Biol |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
2001 |
| Abstract |
No Abstract Available. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound: Effect on fertile chick eggs at ambient and elevated hydrostatic pressures. |
| Author |
Abbott UK, Fishman S, Salmon V, Nichols J. |
| Journal |
Proc West Pharmacol Soc |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1973 |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
| Title |
Biological effects of ultrasound: Ultrasonic cavitation at elevated hydrostatic pressures. |
| Author |
Fishman SS, Salmon V, Nichols J, Chermside HB. |
| Journal |
Proc West Pharmacol Soc |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1973 |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
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