Bioacoustics Research Lab
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering | Department of Bioengineering
Department of Statistics | Coordinated Science Laboratory | Beckman Institute | Food Science and Human Nutrition | Division of Nutritional Sciences | College of Engineering
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Your search for ultrasound produced 3296 results.

Page 253 out of 330

Title The effect of frequency dependent scattering and attenuation on the estimation of blood velocity using ultrasound.
Author Ferrara KW, Algazi VR, Liu J.
Journal IEEE Trans UFFC
Volume
Year 1992
Abstract A comprehensive theoretical performance comparison of the wideband maximum-likelihood (WMLE) and cross-correlation strategies, previously proposed and evaluated for the estimation of blood velocity using ultrasound is presented. It is based on evaluation of the bias, local and global accuracy, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance. The results show that the intervening medium does not bias either wideband estimator, due to the effect of tracking the scattering target. The presence of intervening tissue actually improves the global accuracy of both wideband estimators, without a significant change in the local accuracy of either wideband estimator. After the transmission of P pulses, a comparison of the performance of the two strategies shows that the cross-correlation estimator requires P^(2) correlations to achieve performance similar to that the WMLE with P operations. In addition, the WMLE can increase the effective SNR in comparison with cross correlation.


Title The effect of high-dosage ultrasonic energy on femora of the dog.
Author Janes JM, Kelly PJ, Herrick JF, Peterson LFA.
Journal J Bone Joint Surg Am
Volume
Year 1962
Abstract Ultrasonic energy enjoys wide use in clinical practice. We have previously reported the effect of ultrasound on the femur of the dog when used in doses comparable to those employed in physical medicine. In addition, we have used high doses of ultrasonic energy to produce necrosis of experimental osteogenic sarcomata. Considering these facts and accepting the opinion that osteogenic sarcomata usually metastasizes by the vascular route, we now have studied the effects of high doses of ultrasonic energy on the blood supply of the femur of the dog. An attempt was made to correlate the alterations produced in the blood supply with roentgenophic and histological changes. We have employed the techniques used previously in our laboratory for studying the blood supply of bone. The methods of exposing the femur to ultrasonic energy in this study were similar to those previously reported by our group.


Title The effect of intermolecular bond strength on the onset of cavitation.
Author Horton JP.
Journal J Acoust Soc Am
Volume
Year 1953
Abstract Since bacterial destruction is a cavitation-dependant effect of ultrasound, it has been possible to draw conclusions regarding the factors affecting cavitation by studying bacteriological results. Micro gas bubbles are often described as nuclei for cavitation bubbles. In order to destroy bacteria, however, cavities must have a high enough energy to rupture the cell wall. Cavitation near the cell occurs most readily when the interfacial linkages between the cell and surrounding liquid are weakest. When surface-active agents, which strengthen the interfacial linkages, are added to the bacterial suspension, cavitation is inhibited and the ultrasonic death rate decreases markedly. If the bacterial suspension is heated, increasing the energy of the intermolecular bonds, the threshold sound pressure just necessary to kill bacteria is reduced, or, if the sound pressure is constant, the bacteria are destroyed at an increasing rate as the temperature increases. Likewise, if alternate cavitation nuclei which form weaker linkages with the surrounding liquid then the initial bacteria are added to the bacterial suspension, the killing rate of the original bacteria is decreased.


Title The effect of irradiation of Vicia faba roots with 1-5 MHz ultrasound.
Author Bleaney BI, Oliver R.
Journal Br J Radiol
Volume
Year 1972
Abstract Roots of Vicia Faba seedlings have been exposed to 1-5 MHz ultrasound at intensities in the range 1?4 W/cm(2) for periods of two to 60 minutes. The subsequent average growth in eight days expressed as a fraction of the corresponding average growth for control roots, decreased with increasing exposure time and radiation intensity. The response was not changed if the exposure was split into two fractions separated by 24 hours. In contrast to results following exposure to ionizing radiation, the growth rate fell to a minimum in the first day after exposure, recovering gradually to the control value over eight days. This may indicate damage to both the dividing cells of the meristem and to the differentiated elongating cells in the root.


Title The effect of localized ultrasound on the isolated sartorius muscle fiber of frog.
Author Wilson WL, Wiercinski FJ, Schnitzler RM.
Journal Biol Bull
Volume
Year 1964
Abstract No abstract available.


Title The effect of low-frequency ultrasound on immersed pig lungs.
Author Shupak A, Arieli R, Rosenhause G, Resnick MB, Arieli Y, Adir Y.
Journal Proc Ultrason Symp IEEE
Volume
Year 1999
Abstract Acoustic models suggest that high-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound (US) at 21-31 kHz, could cause damage to divers' lungs. The purpose of the study was to investigate lung tissue changes secondary to water-borne low-frequency US produced by commonly used underwater acoustic beacons (pingers). Explanted pig lungs were immersed and exposed to four different modes of low-frequency US pinger transmission. In each trial, 5 pairs of lungs were exposed to sound and 5 pairs served as controls. One central and one peripheral section were taken from each lung and evaluated microscopically for location and extent of damage. When present, microhaemorrhages were primarily found in a patchy alveolar distribution, as well as in the septal and subpleural regions. Only rare focal microhaemorrhages could be found in the Control Group. The results demonstrate a potential hazard to the immersed lungs of large mammals on exposure to prolonged transmission by commercially available underwater pingers. The relevance of these findings to human exposure should be further evaluated.


Title The effect of pulsed and continuous wave ultrasound on the enzyme histochemistry of placental tissue in vitro.
Author Robinson HP, Sharp F, Donald I, Young H, Hall AJ.
Journal J Obs Gynaecology
Volume
Year 1972
Abstract Enzyme histochemical studies were made on placental fragments maintained in vitro and isonated for 8 hours with pulsed and continuous wave ultrasound at 2 MHz, and at intensities substantially above those used in clinical apparatus. No difference was observed in the activity of eleven enzymes examined in the insonated fragments compared with a control series.


Title The effect of pulsed ultrasound on mandibular distraction.
Author El-Bialy T, Royston TJ, Magin RL, Evans CA, El-Moneim Zaki A, Frizzell LA.
Journal Ann Biomed Eng
Volume
Year 2002
Abstract This study evaluated the effect of pulsed ultrasound on tissue repair and bone growth during mandibular osteodistraction. Twenty-one rabbits were divided into three groups of 7. The distraction started 72 h after surgically severing both sides of the mandible and proceeded at a rate of 1.5 mm/12 h for 5 days. Group I received pulsed ultrasound (nominally 200 micros pulse of 1.5 MHz at a 1.1 kHz pulse repetition frequency, 30 mW/cm2) for 20 min on both sides of the mandible every other day (alternating sides). Group 2 received the same pulsed ultrasound treatment on one side of the mandible every day for 20 min. Group 3 did not receive any ultrasound treatment. Bone formation at the distraction site was assessed by photodensitometry on head radiographs, a vibratory coherence test across the distraction site, a postmortem three-point bending mechanical stiffness test, and a postmortem histological examination. Statistical analyses performed using analysis of variance revealed that pulsed ultrasound enhanced bone formation at the distraction site with a high level of significance when assessed by the increase in new bone photodensity (p = 0.001), vibratory coherence (p = 0.001), mechanical stiffness (p = 0.003), and qualitative histological studies, especially when the pulsed ultrasound treatment was directly applied daily.


Title The effect of pulsed ultrasound on pregnant mice.
Author Takabayashi T, Abe Y, Sato S, Nakamura T, Suzuki M.
Journal Rep Res Grant Prev Phys Ment Disabil
Volume
Year 1980
Abstract Pulsed ultrasound (frequency 2 MHz, repetition 1 kHz) was irradiated to C3H/He pregnant mice. The exposure produced increased fetal anomalies when the intensity was SATP 58.6 W/cm2, pulse duration 10 μs) or SATP 59.4 W/cm2 (SATA 0.296 W/cm2, pulse duration 5 μs). Smaller SATP or 3μs pulse ultrasound showed no increase of the anomaly.


Title The effect of pulsed ultrasound on the survival of drosophila.
Author Pay TL, Barrick MK.
Journal Ultrasound Med Biol
Volume
Year 1987
Abstract There are reports in the literature that the temporal peak intensity of pulsed ultrasound may be a better predictor of biological damage than is average intensity. The effects of temporal peak intensity on the survival of Drosophila melanogaster pupae exposed to pulsed ultrasound were investigated. Pulse average intensity and pulse repetition frequency were varied, while temporal average intensity and exposure duration were held constant. Thus, the total energy delivered was held constant. Survival was found to be directly dependent on pulse average intensity. We observed decreased survival at spatial average pulse average intensities as low as 0.5 W/cm2.


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